Create UIButton:

let swiftButton = UIButton()
swiftButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.view.addSubview(swiftButton)
swiftButton.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
swiftButton.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20).isActive = true
swiftButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
swiftButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50).isActive = true

Add a title to Button:

swiftButton.setTitle("Thunder", for: .normal)

Change button title Font & Size:

swiftButton.titleLabel?.font = UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 16)

Change Button background color:

swiftButton.backgroundColor = UIColor.white

Change Button title color:

swiftButton.setTitleColor(UIColor.black, for: .normal)

Add image to button:

swiftButton.setImage(UIImage(named: "thunder"), for: .normal)

Change image color in Button:

swiftButton.tintColor = UIColor.red

 

Space between button image and title:

swiftButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 10)

Add tap action on Button:

swiftButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(buttonTapped(sender:)), for: .touchUpInside)



@objc func buttonTapped(sender: UIButton) {

    print("Button tapped")

}

Change Button title color On Tapped or Selected:

swiftButton.setTitleColor(UIColor.green, for: .highlighted)

Conclusion:

Cases like:

• Dismiss to the particular view controller
• Dismiss 2 or 3 or 4 or many view controllers (By count)
• Dismiss to root view controller

extension UIViewController {
    
    func dismissTo(vc: UIViewController?, count: Int?, animated: Bool, completion: (() -> Void)? = nil) {
        var loopCount = 0
        var dummyVC: UIViewController? = self
        for _ in 0..<(count ?? 100) {
            loopCount = loopCount + 1
            dummyVC = dummyVC?.presentingViewController
            if let dismissToVC = vc {
                if dummyVC != nil && dummyVC!.isKind(of: dismissToVC.classForCoder) {
                    dummyVC?.dismiss(animated: animated, completion: completion)
                }
            }
        }
        
        if count != nil {
            dummyVC?.dismiss(animated: animated, completion: completion)
        }
    }
    
}

Dismiss to particular view controller:

self.dismissTo(vc: SecondVC(), count: nil, animated: true)

Dismiss by count(1 to 100):

self.dismissTo(vc: nil, count: 3, animated: true)

Dismiss to root view controller:

self.dismissTo(vc: self.view.window?.rootViewController, count: nil, animated: true)

Adding Google Map:

pod init

open -a xcode podfile

pod install

GMSServices.provideAPIKey("YOUR API KEY")

var mapView: GMSMapView = {
     let v = GMSMapView()
     v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
     return v
 }()

self.view.addSubview(mapView)
mapView.padding = UIEdgeInsets(top: 72, left: 25, bottom: 0, right: 25)
mapView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
mapView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
mapView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
mapView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor).isActive = true
mapView.delegate = self

extension ViewController: GMSMapViewDelegate {
 
}

Add Custom Marker:

struct SSPlace {
    var name: String?
    var address: String?
    var coordinates: (lat: Double, lng: Double)?
}

var places = [SSPlace]()

places.append(SSPlace(name: "Fremont Troll", address: "N 36th St, Seattle, WA 98103, United States", coordinates: (lat: 47.651105, lng: -122.347347)))
places.append(SSPlace(name: "Grand Canyon National Park", address: "Arizona, United States", coordinates: (lat: 36.099982, lng: -112.123640)))
places.append(SSPlace(name: "Statue of Liberty National Monument", address: "New York, NY 10004, United States", coordinates: (lat: 40.689323, lng: -74.044490)))
places.append(SSPlace(name: "Yellowstone National Park", address: "United States", coordinates: (lat: 44.429311, lng: -110.588112)))
places.append(SSPlace(name: "Walt Disney World Resort", address: "Orlando, FL, United States", coordinates: (lat: 28.385280, lng: -81.563853)))

class CustomMarkerView: UIView {
    
    var imageName: String?
    var borderColor: UIColor!
    
    init(frame: CGRect, imageName: String?, borderColor: UIColor, tag: Int) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        self.imageName=imageName
        self.borderColor=borderColor
        self.tag = tag
        setupViews()
    }
    
    func setupViews() {
        let imgView = UIImageView()
        imgView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        self.addSubview(imgView)
        imgView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: trailingAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: topAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50).isActive = true
        imgView.layer.cornerRadius = 25
        imgView.layer.borderColor = borderColor?.cgColor
        imgView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
        imgView.layer.borderWidth = 4
        imgView.clipsToBounds = true
        imgView.image = UIImage(named: imageName!)
        
        let triangleImgView = UIImageView()
        self.insertSubview(triangleImgView, belowSubview: imgView)
        triangleImgView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        triangleImgView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        triangleImgView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: imgView.bottomAnchor, constant: -6).isActive = true
        triangleImgView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 23/2).isActive = true
        triangleImgView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 24/2).isActive = true
        triangleImgView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: bottomAnchor).isActive = true
        triangleImgView.image = UIImage(named: "markerTriangle")
        triangleImgView.tintColor = borderColor
    }
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }
    
}

var markers = [GMSMarker]()

func addMarkers() {
    markers.removeAll()
    for (index, place) in places.enumerated() {
        let marker = GMSMarker()
        let customMarker = CustomMarkerView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: customMarkerWidth, height: customMarkerHeight), imageName: place.name, borderColor: primaryColor, tag: index)
        marker.iconView = customMarker
        marker.position = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: place.coordinates!.lat, longitude: place.coordinates!.lng)
        marker.infoWindowAnchor = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0)
        marker.map = self.mapView
        marker.zIndex = Int32(index)
        marker.userData = place
        markers.append(marker)
    }
}

let primaryColor = UIColor(red:0.00, green:0.19, blue:0.56, alpha:1.0)

let secondaryColor = UIColor(red:0.89, green:0.15, blue:0.21, alpha:1.0)

func focusMapToShowAllMarkers() {
    if let firstLocation = markers.first?.position {
        var bounds =  GMSCoordinateBounds(coordinate: firstLocation, coordinate: firstLocation)
        
        for marker in markers {
            bounds = bounds.includingCoordinate(marker.position)
        }
        let update = GMSCameraUpdate.fit(bounds, withPadding: 20)
        self.mapView.animate(with: update)
    }
}

override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
    super.viewDidAppear(animated)
    self.focusMapToShowAllMarkers()
}

override func viewDidLoad() {
       super.viewDidLoad()
       /***
       self.addMarkers()
}

Add Custom Info Window:

class CustomMarkerInfoWindow: UIView {
    
    var txtLabel: UILabel = {
        let v = UILabel()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var subtitleLabel: UILabel = {
        let v = UILabel()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var chevronButton: UIButton = {
        let v = UIButton()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var imgView: UIImageView = {
        let v = UIImageView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        backgroundColor = primaryColor
        self.addSubview(imgView)
        imgView.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: bottomAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: topAnchor).isActive = true
        imgView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: imgView.heightAnchor, multiplier: 1).isActive = true
        imgView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 60).isActive = true
        imgView.clipsToBounds = true
        imgView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
        imgView.layer.cornerRadius = 5
        imgView.layer.masksToBounds = true
        imgView.layer.maskedCorners = [.layerMinXMinYCorner, .layerMinXMaxYCorner]
        
        self.addSubview(chevronButton)
        chevronButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor).isActive = true
        chevronButton.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: trailingAnchor, constant: -8).isActive = true
        chevronButton.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 16).isActive = true
        chevronButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 16).isActive = true
        chevronButton.setImage(UIImage(named: "chevron"), for: .normal)
        chevronButton.tintColor = UIColor.white
        chevronButton.isUserInteractionEnabled = false
        
        self.addSubview(txtLabel)
        txtLabel.topAnchor.constraint(greaterThanOrEqualTo: topAnchor, constant: 4).isActive = true
        txtLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: imgView.trailingAnchor, constant: 8).isActive = true
        txtLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: chevronButton.leadingAnchor, constant: -8).isActive = true
        txtLabel.bottomAnchor.constraint(greaterThanOrEqualTo: centerYAnchor, constant: 2).isActive = true
        txtLabel.font = UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 16)
        txtLabel.numberOfLines = 2
        txtLabel.textColor = UIColor.white
        txtLabel.text = "dfsdfd"
        
        self.addSubview(subtitleLabel)
        subtitleLabel.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: txtLabel.bottomAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        subtitleLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: txtLabel.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        subtitleLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: trailingAnchor).isActive = true
        subtitleLabel.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14, weight: .light)
        subtitleLabel.textColor = UIColor.white
        subtitleLabel.text = "55656556"
    }
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }
    
    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        layer.masksToBounds = true
        layer.cornerRadius = 5
    }   
}

func mapView(_ mapView: GMSMapView, didTap marker: GMSMarker) -> Bool {
    guard let customMarkerView = marker.iconView as? CustomMarkerView else { return false }
    let imgName = customMarkerView.imageName
    let customMarker = CustomMarkerView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: customMarkerWidth, height: customMarkerHeight), imageName: imgName, borderColor: secondaryColor, tag: customMarkerView.tag)
    marker.iconView = customMarker
    return false
}

func mapView(_ mapView: GMSMapView, markerInfoWindow marker: GMSMarker) -> UIView? {
     if let place = marker.userData as? SSPlace {
         marker.tracksInfoWindowChanges = true
         let infoWindow = CustomMarkerInfoWindow()
         infoWindow.tag = 5555
         let height: CGFloat = 65
         let paddingWith = height + 16 + 32
         infoWindow.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: getEstimatedWidthForMarker(place, padding: paddingWith) + paddingWith, height: height)
         infoWindow.imgView.image = UIImage(named: place.name!)
         infoWindow.txtLabel.text = place.name
         infoWindow.subtitleLabel.text = place.address
         return infoWindow
     }
     return nil
 }
 
 func getEstimatedWidthForMarker(_ place: SSPlace, padding: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
     var estimatedWidth: CGFloat = 0
     let infoWindow = CustomMarkerInfoWindow()
     let maxWidth = (UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == .pad ? UIScreen.main.bounds.width * 0.7 : UIScreen.main.bounds.width * 0.8) - padding
     let titleWidth = (place.name ?? "").width(withConstrainedHeight: infoWindow.txtLabel.frame.height, font: infoWindow.txtLabel.font)
     let subtitleWidth = (place.address ?? "").width(withConstrainedHeight: infoWindow.subtitleLabel.frame.height, font: infoWindow.subtitleLabel.font)
     estimatedWidth = min(maxWidth, max(titleWidth, subtitleWidth))
     return estimatedWidth
 }
 
 extension String {
     func width(withConstrainedHeight height: CGFloat, font: UIFont) -> CGFloat {
         let constraintRect = CGSize(width: .greatestFiniteMagnitude, height: height)
         let boundingBox = self.boundingRect(with: constraintRect, options: .usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.font: font], context: nil)
         
         return ceil(boundingBox.width)
     }
 }

func mapView(_ mapView: GMSMapView, didCloseInfoWindowOf marker: GMSMarker) {
    guard let customMarkerView = marker.iconView as? CustomMarkerView else { return }
    let imgName = customMarkerView.imageName
    let customMarker = CustomMarkerView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: customMarkerWidth, height: customMarkerHeight), imageName: imgName, borderColor: primaryColor, tag: customMarkerView.tag)
    marker.iconView = customMarker
}

Reason 1:

{"applinks":{"apps":[],"details":[{"appID":"LQABBB9F84.com.yourdomain.YourDomain","paths":["NOT /_/*","/*"]}]}}

Reason 2:

Reason 3:

Reason 4:

In this post we are going to learn how to add a subview under UITabBarController in swift 5.

import UIKit

class TabBarSwitchView: UIView {
    
    let onColor = UIColor(hex: 0xF9CF2D)
    
    let offColor = UIColor.white
    
    let deselectColor = UIColor(hex: 0xBFBFBF)
    
    let bgColor = UIColor(hex: 0x404040)
    
    var travellerLabel: UILabel = {
        let v = UILabel()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var hostLabel: UILabel = {
        let v = UILabel()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var switchButton: UISwitch = {
        let v = UISwitch()
        v.isUserInteractionEnabled = false
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var ison: Bool = false {
        didSet {
            isTraveller = !ison
            switchButton.setOn(ison, animated: true)
            if ison {
                hostLabel.textColor = onColor
                travellerLabel.textColor = deselectColor
            }else {
                hostLabel.textColor = deselectColor
                travellerLabel.textColor = offColor
            }
        }
    }
    
    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        setupViews()
    }
    
    let scale:CGFloat = 0.6
    
    func setupViews() {
        self.backgroundColor = bgColor
        self.addSubview(switchButton)
        switchButton.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        switchButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        switchButton.onTintColor = onColor
        switchButton.tintColor = UIColor.white
        switchButton.thumbTintColor = bgColor
        switchButton.layoutIfNeeded()
        switchButton.backgroundColor = offColor
        switchButton.layer.cornerRadius = 16
        switchButton.transform = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: scale, y: scale)
        
        self.addSubview(travellerLabel)
        travellerLabel.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        travellerLabel.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: switchButton.leadingAnchor, constant: -8).isActive = true
        travellerLabel.text = "TRAVELLER"
        travellerLabel.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12)
        travellerLabel.textColor = UIColor.white
        
        self.addSubview(hostLabel)
        hostLabel.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        hostLabel.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: switchButton.trailingAnchor, constant: 8).isActive = true
        hostLabel.text = "HOST"
        hostLabel.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12)
        hostLabel.textColor = onColor
    }
    
    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        
    }
    
    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }
    
}

import UIKit

var isTraveller = false
class TabBarRootVC: UIViewController {

    private lazy var tabBarVC: CustomTabBarVC = {
        var viewController = CustomTabBarVC()
        return viewController
    }()
    
    var bottomHeight: CGFloat {
        guard #available(iOS 11.0, *),
            let window = UIApplication.shared.keyWindow else {
                return 0
        }
        return window.safeAreaInsets.bottom
    }
    
    var switchView: TabBarSwitchView = {
        let v = TabBarSwitchView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var hideBottomBar: Bool = false {
        didSet {
            if hideBottomBar {
                heightConstraint.constant = 0
            }else {
                heightConstraint.constant = 32 + bottomHeight
            }
            UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.3) {
                self.view.layoutIfNeeded()
            }
        }
    }
    
    var heightConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        setupViews()
    }
    
    func setupViews() {
        self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.white
        self.view.addSubview(switchView)
        switchView.edges([.left, .right, .bottom], to: self.view, offset: .zero)
        heightConstraint = switchView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 32 + bottomHeight)
        heightConstraint.isActive = true
        switchView.ison = false
        switchView.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
        switchView.addGestureRecognizer(UITapGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(switchViewTapped(recognizer:))))
        
        addChild(tabBarVC)
        self.view.addSubview(tabBarVC.view)
        tabBarVC.view.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        tabBarVC.view.edges([.left, .right, .top], to: self.view, offset: .zero)
        tabBarVC.view.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: switchView.topAnchor, constant: 0).isActive = true
        tabBarVC.didMove(toParent: self)
        if !hideBottomBar {
            heightConstraint.constant = 32 + bottomHeight
        }else {
            heightConstraint.constant = 0
        }
        
    }
    
    @objc func switchViewTapped(recognizer: UITapGestureRecognizer) {
        switchView.ison = !switchView.ison
        isTraveller = !switchView.ison
        NotificationCenter.default.post(name: Notification.Name(rawValue: "switchChanged"), object: nil)
    }
    

}

extension UIViewController {
    func hideBottomSwitch(_ hide: Bool) {
        if let customTab = self.tabBarController as? CustomTabBarVC {
            customTab.hideSwitch = hide
        }
    }
}

var hideSwitch: Bool = false {
    didSet {
        print("view")
        if let parentVc = self.parent as? TabBarRootVC {
            parentVc.hideBottomBar = hideSwitch
        }
    }
}

import UIKit

class HomeViewController: UIViewController {
    
    var tableView: UITableView = {
        let v = UITableView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return v
    }()
    
    var dataSource = [Place]()
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        self.navigationItem.title = "Home"
        dataSource = [Place(name: "Ocean view during daylight", hostName: "Carey", imageName: "Ocean", createdOn: "23th Mar 2019"), Place(name: "Coconut palm trees", hostName: "Stark", imageName: "Trees", createdOn: "13th Mar 2019"), Place(name: "Trees in park", hostName: "Micheal", imageName: "Park", createdOn: "28th Feb 2019"), Place(name: "Water under sunset", hostName: "Shiny", imageName: "Sunset", createdOn: "16th Feb 2019"), Place(name: "Green trees beside roadway", hostName: "Nina", imageName: "Forest", createdOn: "1st Feb 2019")]
        setupViews()
        NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(switchChanged), name:  Notification.Name(rawValue: "switchChanged"), object: nil)
    }
    
    override func viewWillAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
        super.viewWillAppear(animated)
        self.hideBottomSwitch(false)
    }
    
    func setupViews() {
        self.navigationController?.navigationBar.isTranslucent = false
        view.addSubview(tableView)
        tableView.edges([.all], to: view.safeAreaLayoutGuide, offset: .zero)
        tableView.contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior = .never
        tableView.separatorStyle = .singleLine
        tableView.separatorInset = .zero
        tableView.delegate = self
        tableView.dataSource = self
        tableView.register(CustomTableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: CellIds.hostCellId)
        tableView.register(CustomTableViewCell.self, forCellReuseIdentifier: CellIds.travellerCellId)
    }
    
    @objc func switchChanged() {
        self.tableView.reloadData()
    }
}

extension HomeViewController: UITableViewDelegate {
    
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, heightForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGFloat {
        return UITableView.automaticDimension
    }
    
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, estimatedHeightForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGFloat {
        return 80
    }
    
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        let vc = DetailViewController()
        vc.place = dataSource[indexPath.row]
        vc.hidesBottomBarWhenPushed = true
        self.hideBottomSwitch(true)
        self.navigationController?.pushViewController(vc, animated: true)
    }
    
}

extension HomeViewController: UITableViewDataSource {
    
    func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 1
    }
    
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return dataSource.count
    }
    
    func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        if isTraveller {
            // Traveller Cell
            let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: CellIds.travellerCellId, for: indexPath) as! CustomTableViewCell
            let itemAtIndex = dataSource[indexPath.row]
            cell.imgView.image = UIImage(named: itemAtIndex.imageName)
            cell.txtLabel.text = itemAtIndex.name
            cell.subtitleLabel.text = itemAtIndex.hostName
            cell.selectionStyle = .none
            return cell
        }else {
            // Host Cell
            let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: CellIds.hostCellId, for: indexPath) as! CustomTableViewCell
            let itemAtIndex = dataSource[indexPath.row]
            cell.imgView.image = UIImage(named: itemAtIndex.imageName)
            cell.txtLabel.text = itemAtIndex.name
            cell.subtitleLabel.text = itemAtIndex.createdOn
            cell.selectionStyle = .none
            return cell
        }
    }
    
}

Now run the project we will see output as following:

Download the finished project from the following link:

Basic Enum:

enum Beverage {
    case miller
    case kingfisher
    case corona
    case bira
    case budweiser
}

Enum with Int:

enum Numbers: Int {
    case one = 1
    case two = 2
    case three = 3
    case four = 4
    case five = 5
}

enum Numbers: Int {
    case one = 1, two, three, four1, five
}

Enum conforms to CaseIterable:

enum Juices: CaseIterable {
    case orange
    case apple
    case mango
    case pomegranate
    
    var vitamin: String {
        switch self {
        case .orange:
            return "vitamin C"
        case .apple:
            return "vitamin C"
        case .mango:
            return "vitamin K"
        case .pomegranate:
            return "vitamin C & K"
        }
    }
}

let count = Juices.allCases.count
print(count)
// 4

let org = Juices.orange
print(org.vitamin)
// vitamin C

Enum conforms to Codable: 

enum Status: String, Codable {
    case waitingReview = "WATING"
    case inReview = "IN"
    case rejected = "REJECTED"
    case ready = "READY"
    
    var displayString: String {
        switch self {
        case .waitingReview:
            return "Waiting for review"
        case .inReview:
            return "In review"
        case .rejected:
            return "Rejected"
        case .ready:
            return "Ready for sale"
        }
    }
}

let textField = UITextField()

var pickerView: UIPickerView!

let feetList = Array(3...9)

let inchList = Array(0...11)

let numberOfComponents = 4

view.addSubview(textField)
textField.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
textField.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 80).isActive = true
textField.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leadingAnchor, constant: 20).isActive = true
textField.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.trailingAnchor, constant: -20).isActive = true
textField.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 45).isActive = true
textField.borderStyle = .roundedRect
textField.placeholder = "What is your height?"
textField.becomeFirstResponder()

self.pickerView = UIPickerView(frame:CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: self.view.frame.size.width, height: 216))
self.pickerView.delegate = self
self.pickerView.dataSource = self
textField.inputView = self.pickerView
self.pickerView.backgroundColor = UIColor.white
textField.inputView = self.pickerView

// MARK: - UIPickerView Methods
extension ViewController: UIPickerViewDelegate, UIPickerViewDataSource {

}

func numberOfComponents(in pickerView: UIPickerView) -> Int {
    return numberOfComponents
}

func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, numberOfRowsInComponent component: Int) -> Int {
    if component == 0 {
        return feetList.count
    }else if component == 2 {
        return inchList.count
    }else {
        return 1
    }
}

func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, titleForRow row: Int, forComponent component: Int) -> String? {
    if component == 0 {
        return "\(feetList[row])"
    }else if component == 1 {
        return "ft"
    }else if component == 2 {
        return "\(inchList[row])"
    }else {
        return "in"
    }
}

func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, didSelectRow row: Int, inComponent component: Int) {
    let feetIndex = pickerView.selectedRow(inComponent: 0)
    let inchIndex = pickerView.selectedRow(inComponent: 2)
    textField.text = "\(feetList[feetIndex])'\(inchList[inchIndex])''"
}

extension UIColor {
 // Code
}

// Create a UIColor from RGB
convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
    self.init(
        red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0,
        green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0,
        blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0,
        alpha: a
    )
}

// Create a UIColor from a hex value (E.g 0xC0C0C0)
convenience init(hex: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
    self.init(
        red: (hex >> 16) & 0xFF,
        green: (hex >> 8) & 0xFF,
        blue: hex & 0xFF,
        a: a
    )
}

static let silver = UIColor(hex: 0xC0C0C0)

let silver  = UIColor.silver

Conclusion:

extension UIColor {
    
    // Create a UIColor from RGB
    convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
        self.init(
            red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0,
            green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0,
            blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0,
            alpha: a
        )
    }
    // Create a UIColor from a hex value (E.g 0x000000)
    convenience init(hex: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
        self.init(
            red: (hex >> 16) & 0xFF,
            green: (hex >> 8) & 0xFF,
            blue: hex & 0xFF,
            a: a
        )
    }
}

let silver  = UIColor(hex: 0xC0C0C0)

Getting Started:

import AVFoundation

var recordButton = UIButton()
var playButton = UIButton()
var isRecording = false
var audioRecorder: AVAudioRecorder?
var player : AVAudioPlayer?

Microphone Permission:

view.backgroundColor = UIColor.black

// Asking user permission for accessing Microphone
AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().requestRecordPermission () {
    [unowned self] allowed in
    if allowed {
        // Microphone allowed, do what you like!
        self.setUpUI()
    } else {
        // User denied microphone. Tell them off!
        
    }
}

// Adding play button and record buuton as subviews
func setUpUI() {
    recordButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    playButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    view.addSubview(recordButton)
    view.addSubview(playButton)
    
    // Adding constraints to Record button
    recordButton.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
    recordButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    let recordButtonHeightConstraint = recordButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 50)
    recordButtonHeightConstraint.isActive = true
    recordButton.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: recordButton.heightAnchor, multiplier: 1.0).isActive = true
    recordButton.setImage(#imageLiteral(resourceName: "record"), for: .normal)
    recordButton.layer.cornerRadius = recordButtonHeightConstraint.constant/2
    recordButton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
    recordButton.layer.borderWidth = 5.0
    recordButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-20, -20, -20, -20)
    recordButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(record(sender:)), for: .touchUpInside)
    
    // Adding constraints to Play button
    playButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 60).isActive = true
    playButton.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: playButton.heightAnchor, multiplier: 1.0).isActive = true
    playButton.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: recordButton.leadingAnchor, constant: -16).isActive = true
    playButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: recordButton.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    playButton.setImage(#imageLiteral(resourceName: "play"), for: .normal)
    playButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(play(sender:)), for: .touchUpInside)
}

@objc func record(sender: UIButton) {

}

@objc func play(sender: UIButton) {
    
}

Start recording:

func startRecording() {
    //1. create the session
    let session = AVAudioSession.sharedInstance()
    
    do {
        // 2. configure the session for recording and playback
        try session.setCategory(AVAudioSessionCategoryPlayAndRecord, with: .defaultToSpeaker)
        try session.setActive(true)
        // 3. set up a high-quality recording session
        let settings = [
            AVFormatIDKey: Int(kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC),
            AVSampleRateKey: 44100,
            AVNumberOfChannelsKey: 2,
            AVEncoderAudioQualityKey: AVAudioQuality.high.rawValue
        ]
        // 4. create the audio recording, and assign ourselves as the delegate
        audioRecorder = try AVAudioRecorder(url: getAudioFileUrl(), settings: settings)
        audioRecorder?.delegate = self
        audioRecorder?.record()
        
        //5. Changing record icon to stop icon
        isRecording = true
        recordButton.setImage(#imageLiteral(resourceName: "stop"), for: .normal)
        recordButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(5, 5, 5, 5)
        playButton.isEnabled = false
    }
    catch let error {
        // failed to record!
    }
}

// Path for saving/retreiving the audio file
func getAudioFileUrl() -> URL{
    let paths = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)
    let docsDirect = paths[0]
    let audioUrl = docsDirect.appendingPathComponent("recording.m4a")
    return audioUrl
}

class ViewController: UIViewController, AVAudioRecorderDelegate {

Stop Recording:

// Stop recording
func finishRecording() {
    audioRecorder?.stop()
    isRecording = false
    recordButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-20, -20, -20, -20)
    recordButton.setImage(#imageLiteral(resourceName: "record"), for: .normal)
}

if isRecording {
    finishRecording()
}else {
    startRecording()
}

func audioRecorderDidFinishRecording(_ recorder: AVAudioRecorder, successfully flag: Bool) {
    if flag {
        finishRecording()
    }else {
        // Recording interrupted by other reasons like call coming, reached time limit.
    }
    playButton.isEnabled = true
}

Play Audio:

func playSound(){
    let url = getAudioFileUrl()
    
    do {
        // AVAudioPlayer setting up with the saved file URL
        let sound = try AVAudioPlayer(contentsOf: url)
        self.player = sound
        
        // Here conforming to AVAudioPlayerDelegate
        sound.delegate = self
        sound.prepareToPlay()
        sound.play()
        recordButton.isEnabled = false
    } catch {
        print("error loading file")
        // couldn't load file :(
    }
}

class ViewController: UIViewController, AVAudioRecorderDelegate, AVAudioPlayerDelegate {

@objc func play(sender: UIButton) {
    playSound()
}

func audioPlayerDidFinishPlaying(_ player: AVAudioPlayer, successfully flag: Bool) {
    if flag {
        
    }else {
        // Playing interrupted by other reasons like call coming, the sound has not finished playing.
    }
    recordButton.isEnabled = true
}

let originalString = "Hello let's find range"

let range = NSMakeRange(12, 4)

Range:

let originalString = "Hello let's find range"
let range = originalString.range(of: "find")

Convert Range to NSRange:

extension String {
    func nsRange(from range: Range) -> NSRange {
        let startPos = self.distance(from: self.startIndex, to: range.lowerBound)
        let endPos = self.distance(from: self.startIndex, to: range.upperBound)
        return NSMakeRange(startPos, endPos - startPos)
    }
}

let nsRange = originalString.nsRange(from: range!)

Convert NSRange to Range:

extension String { 
    func range(from nsRange: NSRange) -> Range? {
        guard
            let from16 = utf16.index(utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: nsRange.location, limitedBy: utf16.endIndex),
            let to16 = utf16.index(utf16.startIndex, offsetBy: nsRange.location + nsRange.length, limitedBy: utf16.endIndex),
            let from = from16.samePosition(in: self),
            let to = to16.samePosition(in: self)
            else { return nil }
        return from ..< to
    }
}

let newRange = originalString.range(from: nsRange)

In this tutorial we will learn how to rotate an imageView using UIRotationGestureRecognizer.

A rotation gesture is a continuous gesture that occurs when the first two fingers that touch the screen rotate around each other

The iOS UIRotationGestureRecognizer class has a built-in way to detect rotation gesture on any view.

Other Gestures in iOS:

Getting Started:

Adding ImageView:

let imageView = UIImageView()

imageView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
imageView.image = UIImage(named: "cat")
imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
imageView.clipsToBounds = true
view.addSubview(imageView)
imageView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
imageView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.widthAnchor, multiplier: 0.6).isActive = true
imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: imageView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 1).isActive = true

Adding Rotation Gesture:

var rotationGesture = UIRotationGestureRecognizer()

rotationGesture = UIRotationGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(self.rotationGestureHandler))
imageView.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
imageView.addGestureRecognizer(rotationGesture)

@objc func rotationGestureHandler(recognizer:UIRotationGestureRecognizer){
    if let view = recognizer.view {
        view.transform = view.transform.rotated(by: recognizer.rotation)
        recognizer.rotation = 0
    }
}

Other Gestures in iOS:

Getting Started:

Adding ImageView:

let imageView = UIImageView()

imageView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
imageView.image = UIImage(named: "cat")
imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
imageView.clipsToBounds = true
view.addSubview(imageView)
imageView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor).isActive = true
imageView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
imageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.widthAnchor, multiplier: 0.4).isActive = true
imageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: imageView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 1).isActive = true

Adding Long Press Gesture:

var longPressGesture = UILongPressGestureRecognizer()

longPressGesture = UILongPressGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: #selector(self.longPressGestureHandler))
imageView.isUserInteractionEnabled = true
imageView.addGestureRecognizer(longPressGesture)

@objc func longPressGestureHandler(recognizer:UIPinchGestureRecognizer){
    switch recognizer.state {
    case .began:
        UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.05,
                       animations: {
                        self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: 1.5, y: 1.5)
        },
                       completion: nil)
    case .ended:
        UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.05) {
            self.imageView.transform = CGAffineTransform.identity
        }
    default: break
    }
}